Human Papillomavirus Vaccines 

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and the new vaccine (Gardasil) have been in the news lately. Here is some information about the virus and vaccine.

HPV are highly prevalent, tissue specific viruses that infect epithelial cells (skin or mucous membranes). Long standing infections with certain types of these viruses can lead to cancer of the cervix and other genital areas. Other types of HPV can cause genital warts and different health issues. For our discussion here, we will focus on the types most likely to cause cervical cancer.

The HPV is spread through sexual contact. Men do not know they are carrying the virus and are asymptomatic. Women become aware of infection through changes found in an annual Pap smear. After infection, a woman may develop an abnormal Pap smear months or years later. This is why an annual Pap smear is so very important.

The vaccine now on the market was specifically targeted and developed for the viruses responsible for cervical cancer. A two year study was done comparing vaccinated women and non-vaccinated women (placebo controlled). The information from this study showed very definite protection from the HPV. Follow-up for four and one half years shows sustained blood levels of anti-body protection, but no further studies are available to date. The vaccine is very safe with out known disease causing potential. Persons allergic to yeast could have an allergic reaction to the virus.

Current recommendations are for vaccination for girls between 9 and 26 years of age. A series of three injections are give at 0, 2 and 6 months. If HPV is already present, vaccination is not helpful. The State of Texas is not currently providing the vaccine and the cost is about $300 for the series.

Long term, there are not studies available to tell us how long the vaccine remains effective. Follow up boosters may be required. There are no long term safety studies. Vaccination during pregnancy is not advised, but breastfeeding women may receive it.

Each family will need to discuss the risks, potential side effects and benefits of vaccination versus possible infection with HPV. We will be happy to answer any questions to the best of out ability.

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LifeTime Health Center is happy to welcome Zana Elliott, a family nurse practitioner. Zana has a broad back ground in family care and comes to us from Mercy Ships. She has unique knowledge of travel medicine and travel vaccinations.